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J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs > Volume 12(4); 2003 > Article
Original Article
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2003;12(4):433-443.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2003.12.4.433    Published online December 31, 2003.
A Study on the Development of the Korean Depression Scale
So Woo Lee1, Jeong Yee Bae2, Sook Hee Yoon2, Kyung Eh An3
1Professor, College of Nursing, Seoul National University
2Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, Inje University
3Ewha Womans University, College of Nursing Science
Abstract
Purpose
Clients with chronic diseases may have depression that may not be recognized by primary health care providers. The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to measure depression for Koreans, and to test the validity and reliability of the instrument.
Methods
Data were collected through a survey over a period of 3 months. Subjects who participated in the study consisted of 908 Koreans. A convenience sampling method was used. The analysis of the data was done using SPSS PC+ for descriptive statistics, item analysis and factor analysis. Initially 58 items were generated from the interview data of 14 patients with depression and from literature review. This preliminary scale were analyzed for reliability and validity.
Results
Initially 58 items were analyzed through the Index of Content Validity(CVI). Among these, 49 items were selected. Four factors were extracted through the principal component analysis, and these contributed 60.87% of the variance in the total score. Finally 40 items in the scale loaded 0.25 〜0.81 on one of four factors. Each factor was labeled, factor 1 was labeled 'psychosocial symptom-frustration 1 and included 10 items, fiactor2 was labeled 'emotional phenomena-mood* and included 15 items, factors was labeled ’physical symptom* and included 9 items, and factor4 was labeled 'need aspect' and included 6 items. Cronbach Coefficient Alpha for internal consistency was .97 for total 40 items.
Conclusion
This study supports the reliability and validity of the scale. Finally, the author suggests that this scale could be adequately applied to assess depression. And effective guidance program is required to improve mental health. This study may contribute to designing an appropriate depression prevention strategy in turn with the particular characteristics and problems of Koreans.
Key Words: Depression; Development of tool; Screening
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